National Nursing Review : Nursing Study Resources & Health Tips

Old age: a biological phenomenon is inevitable, universal for all forms of life be it animal, vegetable and human. This starts from birth.
Aging physiology:
4 changes:
alteration of neurotransmitters (poor communication between brain cells),
alteration of cell membranes,
crosslinking of collagen,
Oxidation.
apoptosis (programmed cell death), these changes have consequences:
destruction of the respiratory capacity,
loss of lung function (30% between 40 and 75 years)
neurological damage,
wrinkles
osteoporosis
reduced immunity
declining hormones.
Aging: is all the irreversible adverse changes altering the means by which an organization ensures its balance of biological, psychological, sociological.

Pathological aging:
The musculoskeletal system (bones, muscles, joints):
Bones #: 2 types of cells
osteoblasts (bone building)
osteoclasts (bone destroying)
From 20 years age in a loss of bone mass (about 0.5% per year). (more…)