National Nursing Review : Nursing Study Resources & Health Tips

Definition

All chest pain event related to a “narrowing of the size” of one or more coronary arteries. The coronary arteries are the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle.

Clinical Data

Clinical examination was unremarkable.
The resting ECG was completely normal except for a painful crisis.
Any interrogation can find angina:
with chest pain to left arm
to pain on exertion and rest
pain in 3 to 4 minutes,
took to heart in a vise.

Pathophysiology

Suffering infarction: ischemia is associated with a mismatch between needs and the oxygen supply of heart muscle:
is the input can not increase in proportion to needs: angina of effort
is in constant need, contributions are reduced: spastic angina.
The decrease in arterial size is secondary to a “collection” by atherosclerotic plaques. (more…)

Syndrome of Sleep Apnea

Definitions
At apnea: is the cessation of breathing greater than 10 seconds.
In obstructive apnea: is a cessation of breathing by pharyngeal obstruction related to hypotonia of pharyngeal muscles with persistence of respiratory movements.
A central apnea: is the cessation of respiratory drive with stop motion and respiratory flow.
A hypopnea: it decreased ventilation of about 50%.
A syndrome of sleep apnea: it is from 10 apneas + hypopneas per hour of sleep.
A syndrome of severe sleep apnea: is when the apnea-hypopnea index greater than 30%.

Epidemiology
9 Apnea Syndrome Sleep button:
4 3 to 5% of the male population,
4 1 to 2% of the female population.
9 Risk factor: hypertension, stroke, myocardial infarction, car accidents, social gene.

Screening

• Polygraphie respiratory recording of nocturnal SaO 2, respiratory movements, respiratory flow, snoring.
• Polysomnography: respiratory polygraphy + + EEG + EMG electro-occulogramme.

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