National Nursing Review : Nursing Study Resources & Health Tips » paraventricular nucleus http://nationalnursingreview.com Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:02:25 +0000 en hourly 1 http://wordpress.org/?v=3.2.1 The Hypothalamus http://nationalnursingreview.com/2009/12/the-hypothalamus/ http://nationalnursingreview.com/2009/12/the-hypothalamus/#comments Wed, 09 Dec 2009 05:22:57 +0000 admin http://nationalnursingreview.com/?p=522 This is the real brain neuro-endocrine organization, overseeing the endocrine function of the pituitary gland, and from there to most major endocrine functions of the body.
Within the hypothalamus were individually a number of nuclei (supraoptic, paraventricular nucleus, nucleus infundibular, nuclei accessories, etc.), place of preparation of hypothalamic hormones.
The connections between hypothalamus and pituitary differ depending on whether the pituitary gland or posterior pituitary:
I.es connections with the anterior pituitary are mixed neurovascular the products of secretion in the hypothalamus are routed first along the axons are directed to the pituitary via infindibulum then dumped in the vascular pituitary which leads up cells anterior pituitary;
The connections with the posterior pituitary are nervous pure: the hypothalamic hormones are fed to the posterior lobe of the pituitary where they are stored.


The hypothalamic hormones are commonly stimulines, often acting in antagonistic pairs to a retro control: the releasing hormones (RH) or stimulating hormone (SH) that activate, and Inhibiting Factors (IF), inhibitory. The most important are:

  • The control factor of thyroid stimulating hormone: this factor called T. RH stimulates secretion and release of TSH pituitary.
  • The controlling factors of adrenocorticotropic hormone.
  • The factors controlling the growth hormone. There are two factors controlling the hormone:

    • a stimulating factor, GHRH, which promotes the synthesis and release of the STH;
    • factor inhibitor, GHRIH or SRIF or somatostatin, which prevents the release of S. T .H. but also inhibits the secretion by the pancreas to insulin. and glucagon.
  • The controlling factors of gonadotrophins. There seems, indeed, one factor for the release of gonadotrophins. This factor called LHRH causes both the regulation of FSH and LH.
  • Factors control of prolactin the PRF (prolactin releasing hormone), stimulating, and the PIF (prolactin inhibiting factor), inhibiting.
  • The factors controlling the hormone Melanocyte a factor stimulating the MRF, an inhibiting factor, MIF.

The hypothalamus has a role primarily as a regulator dictating via messengers, changes in hormonal glands. His only direct production remains oxytocin and vasopressin, chemically very similar, which are stored and leached by the neurohypophysis.

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