National Nursing Review : Nursing Study Resources & Health Tips

Although it is now common to talk about plastic surgery and to keep abreast of all developments in this branch of medicine, it is also true that there are many myths and truths about it are not always known.

Let us see some of these myths and facts about plastic surgery:
It is a myth the belief that it is the same aesthetic plastic surgery. Both terms are not identical, since they use the terms “plastic surgery” and “cosmetic surgery” interchangeably when in fact it is cosmetic surgery which is responsible for the appearance of a persona, taking the perspective of aesthetic beauty.

It is a fact that cosmetic surgeons can perform plastic surgery, since they are fully qualified to do so. They have knowledge and a high level of training and practice that qualifies them to perform all cosmetic techniques.

Also, it is a fact that treatments such as Botox, liposuction, and microdermabrasion has become very popular with men, increasingly, turning to cosmetic surgery to find solutions to their aesthetic. (more…)

All patients with end stage renal disease must be taken into consideration for transplantation, except for those at risk for another condition which endangers life. Kidney transplantation is now a common procedure: for all children older than 6 months with renal failure, kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice. A successful transplant not only frees the patient from a long dialysis, but also provides other metabolic functions of the kidney.

The survival of patients one year after transplantation from living relative donor is> 95%, with approximately 90% of allografts functioning. Subsequently, there has been an annual loss of transplants varies from 3 to 5%, including those due to death of the patient. The one-year survival rate of patients undergoing cadaveric transplantation is approximately 90% and graft survival varies between 70 and 90%, depending on the centers. In subsequent years, you lose a 5-8% of transplants each year. At present, many renal transplant recipients are carrying bodies are working more than 30 years. Although it was previously believed that patients over 55 years, the transplant would entail an unacceptable risk, the more sophisticated use of immunosuppressive drugs and the close immunological control allow you to allografts in selected patients during the 7th decade of life and beyond. (more…)

Laparoscopic gastric bypass is one of the most common telescope surgical operations in world. The operation is usually a permanent weight loss of 60-70% of the weight.

The operation works in three ways:

1st Restricts food intake. Since the stomach is reduced so that it can contain small amounts will cause the operating future can only consume small meals. Intake of large meals, this discomfort and vomiting.

2nd Restricts food choice. Certain foods are poorly tolerated, for example sugar and fat. Consumed these food items will lead to the discomfort, abdominal pain and sometimes dizziness. (more…)

Background of tooth whitening
Teeth become life-long exposure to color the influence of different foods and beverages such as coffee, tea, red wine, licorice and tobacco. The teeth will consequently become darker. Now you have the opportunity effectively to make teeth brighter again. The active substance used for tooth bleaching has been known and used in more than a hundred years and is recognized by dentists as a safe and effective drug.

How bleached teeth?
Teeth cleaned with a polishing cream. There is then a barrier at the gumline to protect it and applied gel to the teeth. The gel is activated by laser light at 15 second intervals and repeat as necessary sometimes whereby the teeth are bleached. (more…)

Surgical procedure used to improve the size and shape of the breasts of women. It is performed by the following factors:

• A congenital lack of development that produces a lack of volume or a glandular imbalance with other body measurements.
• Correct a reduction in size after breastfeeding.
• Correct asymmetries.
• Reconstruction technique.

This procedure involves placing an implant behind the pectoral muscle through a small incision. Thus, the implant is separated from the mammary gland and not interfering with breastfeeding or with radiographic examinations, such as mammography. (more…)

Surgery may be used to ablate a metastasis.
A metastasis is a secondary tumor that develops in another body from cancerous cells from the primary tumor that have spread.
This means that these cells have spread elsewhere in the body, usually through the bloodstream and to a lesser extent through the lymphatic system. Also known as secondary location.
All primary cancers do not metastasize in the same areas of the body.
For example, breast cancers tend to produce metastases in the liver, lungs, bones or brain.
Cancers of the prostate metastasize most often in bones, liver or lungs.
In the natural history of cancer, metastases can be identified at three different times:

• one or metastases may be discovered before the primary tumor and reveal the presence of cancer
• one or metastases may be discovered during the diagnosis and assessment of the primary tumor,

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The curative surgery aims to remove the tumor while respecting a margin of safety device and, as appropriate, nearby lymph nodes (that is to say, the lymph draining the area or organ operated).
The margin of safety is supposed to sound the part that surrounds the tumor and which is then analyzed to verify the absence or presence of cancer cells.
If after analysis, the margin is positive, that is to say, it contains cancerous cells, the patient is sometimes operated again to remove that part of tissue.
The size of the margin of safety varies by cancer type and location of the tumor.
The curative surgery can be radical or conservative

• It is called radical if the body containing the tumor is removed in its entirety.
• Wherever possible and consistent with the stage of the tumor, surgeons try to preserve organ function and / or body image by making interventions called conservative.

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Rhinoplasty is surgery to reshape the nose, is one of the most common procedures plastic surgery.
Used for:

• Lowering the dorsum (hump) or wince nose.
• Reducing or refine the size of the nose.
• Define the shape of the nasal tip.
• Modify the nares (nostrils).
• Change the angle between the nose and upper lip.
• Correct birth defects or traumatic.
• Help improve breathing problems (supplemented with septoplasty).

The best candidates for rhinoplasty are people who want to improve their appearance. Achieve harmony with your face. (more…)

Hemorrhoids are vascular structures of the anal canal in each individual plays an important role in fecal continence. In the presence of symptoms such as bleeding, pain, itching, there may be a pathological condition called hemorrhoidal disease.
In Western countries at various stages of hemorrhoidal disease affects more than 50% of the population and is thus an extremely common disease.
There are several classifications of hemorrhoids, more or less recent, but the distinction of internal and external to the subdivision into four grades, while not the last created are still the most widely used in clinical practice.
If there are symptoms, the first thing to do ‘a visit that may be performed usually by the attending physician, the specialist surgeon or a Coloproctology: It’ important to put a correct diagnosis and differentiate other benign or malignant anorectal region or colon which may present with similar symptoms.
Once confirmed the diagnosis and defined the stage of disease and the symptoms may consider treatment options.
Most of the patients permanently or temporarily solves the problem with medical therapy, or regularization of the hive, dietary modifications and use of customized local or systemic therapies that address the symptomatic picture. In case of continuation or recurrence of symptoms, however, and ‘possible to consider other therapeutic options. (more…)

The high frequency of varicocele in adolescents already, the interest it deserves in recent years is given to it. Since then revealed close correlation with male infertility can understand even more the value of this disease especially in young people. There is to say that not always the surgical correction of varicocele improve the seminology and can be said that it is not always factor as a cause of infertility. In a series of small reports tackle from time to time various aspects of the problem.

DEFINITION
The term originates from Latin and greek Varix ICIS-Ke-le. So the varicocele can be defined as a dilatation of varicose veins of the testicle or internal spermatic veins. These veins originate from the whole testis (epididymis and Didymus) back up along the spermatic cord in the inguinal canal, a small part of the veins back flow into the epigastric vein, most of the veins back up front to throw to the right directly into the vein inferior vena cava and left renal vein. (more…)