National Nursing Review : Nursing Study Resources & Health Tips

The Schilling test explores the absorption of vitamin B12, which is normally at the terminal ileum. The absorption of this vitamin requires the presence of a factor secreted by the stomach, intrinsic factor (also called factor Castle). Mal-absorption and can guide a disease linked to lack of intrinsic factor.
Let the patient have received in the last 8 days of vitamin B12
The test is simple, but less and less used. It involves the ingestion and injection of cobalamin:
At T0: after emptying the bladder, to swallow a capsule of vitamin B12 labeled with cobalt 58; (more…)

Tumors of the exocrine pancreas:
Generally poor prognosis.

• 10% of digestive cancers.
• Average age of onset.
• 70 years for women.
• 65 for men.
• Promoting role of smoking and chronic pancreatic.

Pathologists:

• 2 / 3: head of the pancreas.
• 1 / 3: tail of the pancreas.
• Rapid expansion in loco regional lymph nodes.
• Adenocarcinoma.

Clinic.

• Late discovery as long clinically silent
• Cancer of the head: cholestatic jaundice.
• Cancer of the body and tail:
  • Epigastric pain type transfixing
  • Impaired general condition.
  • Sometimes palpable epigastric mass

Imaging.

• The ultrasound examination remains the first line, revealing a poorly defined hypo echoic mass, and to highlight liver metastases. As cites may also be disclosed and demonstrate a peritoneal carcinomas.
• The echo-endoscopy is useful in diagnosing small tumors.
• Scanner.
• ERCP.

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Gastritis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the lining of the stomach.

Acute gastritis
This acute inflammation of the gastric wall with inflammatory lesions and endoscopic atrophic, there are:

• gastritis drug are the most common: they are ulcerative and hemorrhagic
• gastritis Stress during severe surgical diseases (acute renal failure, …), serious infections and severe burns,
• gastritis, herpes virus CMV frequent since the advent of AIDS,
• gastritis by ingestion of caustic accompanied by ulceration and hemorrhagic necrosis.

Clinique
Gastritis are very different and may be a characteristic ulcer syndrome, atypical epigastric pain or gastrointestinal bleeding revealing.

Treatment
It is based on the decision of the causative agent and the use of antacids and PPIs (the proton pump) (more…)

Malignant tumor formed by the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells that invade surrounding structures and tends to produce secondary tumors at bay. A tumor located in the stomach may result from an ulcer in Helicobacter pylori.

• Affects both sexes equally.
• The frequency decreases with the evolution of food preservation but remains high (9,000 new cases per year).
• Geographical disparity.

Risk Factors.

• Gastric lesions:
  ulcer;
  chronic gastritis;
  atrophic gastritis
  Helicobacter Pylori

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It is a malignant tumor that is to say, tumors formed by the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells that invade surrounding structures and which tend to produce secondary tumors remotely (metastasis). Generally, it ‘s act by performing macroscopic adenocarcinoma most often ulcerative lesions infiltrating or vegetating.

The colon is a terminal portion of the digestive tract, large diameter (hence its name from the large intestine) which ensures the continuity of the digestive tract between the intestine and the anus through the rectum. It forms a framework that surrounds the abdominal cavity and small bowel loops. Its length is 1m to 1.50m and its size decreases the cecum (8cm) to the rectum (4 cm). (more…)

The digestive system is the set of components that provide digestion. It includes the hollow organs (mouth, part of the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine says the colon) and solid organ annexes to the digestive tract (salivary glands, liver the pancreas).

Mouth.
It opens anteriorly by the buccal cavity, bounded by two lips (upper and lower). Inside it is limited by the high roof of the mouth, below the floor of the mouth and laterally by the cheeks. It communicates posteriorly with the pharynx. It is fully lined with a mucous membrane and contains the tongue and teeth.

Language.
It is a fleshy body and mobile. It has a skeleton that is the hyoid bone and muscles that have a role in mastication. It has a role in swallowing and phonation. It is coated with a rough mucosa and it contains the sensory receptors of the gustatory apparatus. The lingual mucosa is characterized by the presence of papillae (goblet, filiform and fungiform). The tongue is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve, motor, and lingual sensory (trigeminal branch).:
The vascularity is ensured by the lingual artery, a branch of the external carotid artery. The blood off again by the lingual veins. (more…)