Gastritis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the lining of the stomach.

Acute gastritis
This acute inflammation of the gastric wall with inflammatory lesions and endoscopic atrophic, there are:

  • gastritis drug are the most common: they are ulcerative and hemorrhagic
  • gastritis Stress during severe surgical diseases (acute renal failure, …), serious infections and severe burns,
  • gastritis, herpes virus CMV frequent since the advent of AIDS,
  • gastritis by ingestion of caustic accompanied by ulceration and hemorrhagic necrosis.

Clinique
Gastritis are very different and may be a characteristic ulcer syndrome, atypical epigastric pain or gastrointestinal bleeding revealing.

Treatment
It is based on the decision of the causative agent and the use of antacids and PPIs (the proton pump)

Chronic gastritis
1. Atrophic gastritis disease Bierne
It is an autoimmune disease, resulting in a achlorydie a lack of secretion of intrinsic factor, essential for the absorption of vitamin B12 (at the ileum). This disease causes anemia associated with neurological disorders.
Diagnosis: macrocytic anemia (large GR), the casing achlorydie gastric fundic atrophy on biopsy and fall of vitamin B12 in the blood.
The Schilling test is diagnostic.
Treatment is based on injection of vitamin B12 for life.

2. Hypertrophic gastritis of Menetrier
It is a rare condition revealing atypical epigastric pain. Endoscopy revealed large folds diffuse congestion and epithelial hyperplasia mucosecretante.
Biopsy of the snare allows the diagnosis.
The medical treatment is initially (PPI), then surgery because of the high risk of cancer.

3. Radiation gastritis
It develops after radiotherapy for loco-regional malignancy.

4. Gastritis toxic
It is due to alcohol, tobacco and drugs. It is a bile reflux gastritis, developed by the Helicobacter pylori. Treatment is with antibiotics, but there may be recurrences.

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